β-cell–specific deletion of the Igf1 receptor leads to hyperinsulinemia and glucose intolerance but does not alter β-cell mass

Deletion of GαZ protein protects against diet-induced glucose intolerance via expansion of β-cell mass.

Insufficient plasma insulin levels caused by deficits in both pancreatic β-cell function and mass contribute to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. This loss of insulin-producing capacity is termed β-cell decompensation. Our work is focused on defining the role(s) of guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein) signaling pathways in regulating β-cell decompensation. We have previously demons...

Hyperinsulinemia and Glucose Intolerance

Transgenic overexpression of the transcription factor Nkx6.1 in β-cells of mice does not increase β-cell proliferation, β-cell mass, or improve glucose clearance

The loss or dysfunction of the pancreatic endocrine β-cell results in diabetes. Recent innovative therapeutic approaches for diabetes aim to induce β-cell proliferation in vivo by pharmacological intervention. Based on the finding that overexpression of the transcription factor Nkx6.1 in islets in vitro increases β-cell proliferation while maintaining β-cell function, Nkx6.1 has been proposed a...

β-Cell dysfunction and insulin resistance in gestational glucose intolerance

Copyright © 2013 The Korean Association of Internal Medicine This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. pISSN 1226-3303 eISSN 2005-664...

Increased amino acid supply potentiates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion but does not increase β-cell mass in fetal sheep.

Amino acids and glucose acutely stimulate fetal insulin secretion. In isolated adult pancreatic islets, amino acids potentiate glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), but whether amino acids have this same effect in the fetus is unknown. Therefore, we tested the effects of increased fetal amino acid supply on GSIS and morphology of the pancreas. We hypothesized that increasing fetal amino ...